Details: Category: Region 9; Published: 25 April 2022

Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses. Sinuses are hollow spaces within the bones between your eyes, behind your cheekbones, and in your forehead. The sinuses make thin mucus that drains out of the channels of the nose. It also keeps the inner part of your nose moist to protect against dust, allergens, and pollutants. Healthy sinuses are normally filled with air. But when they become blocked and filled with fluid, germs can grow and cause an infection known as bacterial sinusitis which is also called rhinosinusitis, with “rhino” meaning “nose.” The nasal tissue is almost always swollen if sinus tissue is inflamed.

There are two most common types of sinusitis, acute and chronic sinusitis. Acute sinusitis refers to a sudden onset of cold symptoms such as runny nose, stuffy nose, and facial pain that does not go away after 10 days, or symptoms that seem to improve but then return and may get worse than the initial symptoms (termed “double sickening”). It responds well to antibiotics and decongestants. It can last up to 4 weeks but it improves typically in a week to 10 days. Chronic sinusitis refers to a condition defined by nasal congestion, drainage, facial pain/pressure, and decreased sense of smell for at least 12 weeks that may last up to 3 months - and can linger for years.

Acute sinusitis usually occurs from a cold and sometimes from allergies. The cause of chronic sinusitis is not as always obvious. Risks for chronic sinusitis include year-round allergies, a weak immune system, frequent colds, and cigarette smoking. Everyone is susceptible to sinusitis. However, people with problems with nasal allergies, or growth such as nasal polyp that will keep the sinuses from draining normally, asthma, and abnormal nasal structures are more likely to get sinus infection. Smoking can also increase your risk for sinus infection.

You may prevent sinusitis by avoiding things you are allergic to (allergens), like animal dander, dust mites, pollen, smoke and try to avoid sick people. It is also important to practice proper hygiene by washing your hands with soap to reduce your chance of getting a cold or flu. Smoking is not recommended as this may trigger allergies and prevent the removal of mucous. Increasing your fluid intake may also help to lower your nasal secretions. Treatment may include over-the-counter medications but if symptoms persist, consult your healthcare provider.

-PNFP Rowence F. Zorilla, RND

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