Mastitis is a relatively common breast condition among women. It is an infection of the tissue of the breast that occurs most frequently during the breastfeeding period. It can occur when bacteria, often from the baby's mouth, enter a milk duct through a crack in the nipple. Breast infections most commonly occur one to three months after the delivery of a baby, but they can occur in women who have not recently delivered and in women after menopause. Other causes of infection include chronic mastitis and a rare form of cancer called inflammatory carcinoma. Women who have diabetes, chronic illness, AIDS, or an impaired immune system are more prone to this condition. Engorgement and incomplete breast emptying can also contribute to the problem and can worsen the symptoms.
Chronic mastitis occurs in women who are not breastfeeding. Breast infections in postmenopausal women may be associated with chronic inflammation of the ducts below the nipple. Hormonal changes in the body can cause the milk ducts to become clogged with dead skin cells and debris. These clogged ducts make the breast more open to bacterial infection. Women with infected breasts may experience flu-like symptoms, body aches, fatigue, fever and chills, pain, redness, tenderness or swelling of the breast, and breast engorgement. If left untreated, mastitis may cause tissue destruction resulting in an abscess. A breast abscess is a localized collection of purulent material within the breast.
Mastitis is unavoidable. However, you can prevent mastitis by practicing good habits including breastfeeding equally from both breasts, emptying breasts to prevent engorgement and blocked ducts, using good breastfeeding techniques to prevent sore and cracked nipples, preventing moisture from accumulating in breast pads or bras, practicing proper hygiene, drinking plenty of water and eating well balanced and nutritious meals. Aside from taking medications, you can also apply a warm compress and/or cold compress after breastfeeding on your affected breast to provide some relief. If you notice any unusual lump, redness, abnormal discharge from your nipples, and experiencing dizziness or high fever, consult your doctor immediately.
ZDN DMO II Rowence F. Zorilla, RND
References:
1. Breast Infection
Medically Reviewed by Renee A. Alli, MD
https://www.webmd.com/women/guide/breast-infection
